He imposed a regime of terror and was one of the greatest genocidals in history

Stalin: data and numbers of the crimes of the bloody communist dictator and genocidal

ES 3·05·2023 · 7:01 0

On March 5, 1953, on this day 70 years ago today, the communist dictator Stalin died in Moscow. His rule was a regime of terror that lasted three decades.

The more than 100 million deaths that communism caused, divided by countries
Lenin: numbers, data and images of the crimes of the first communist dictator

During his tenure, Stalin committed the four types of crimes that the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court indicates as "the most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole":

  • 1. Crimes of genocide.
  • 2. Crimes against humanity.
  • 3. War crimes.
  • 4. Crimes of aggression.

The most modest estimates indicate that Stalin was responsible for at least 10 million murders, as well as millions of deportations. His crimes make him one of the greatest genocidals in history, behind Mao Tse-Tung and on a par with Adolf Hitler. Let's review Stalin's crimes in each of those four categories.

1. Crimes of genocide

  • 6 million dead from mass deportations against the kulaks (1929-1932), small farm owners whom the communist dictatorship declared "class enemies".
  • Between 3.9 and 6 million deaths in the Ukrainian Holodomor (1932 -1933), a brutal genocide caused by the massive requisitions of grain in Ukraine by the dictatorship soviet Stalin used starvation to massacre the Ukrainian people and eliminate their national identity.
  • 1.5 million dead in the Kazakh Famine of 1932–1933, also known as the Goloshchekin Genocide, named after Soviet leader Filipp Goloshchyokin, promoter of collectivization that led to that massacre in the Soviet Republic from Kazakhstan.
  • Some 690,000 died in the Great Purge of 1937-1938, unleashed by order of Stalin for the sake of his paranoia, which led him to see traitors everywhere.
  • Between 50,000 and 60,000 killed in the Polish Operation of the NKVD (1937-1938). Many of those killed were Polish communists who had settled in the USSR. The massacre was motivated by Stalin's mere suspicion that all Poles were spies.
  • 150,000 Polish citizens murdered during the Soviet invasion of Poland from 1939 to 1946.
  • Between 20,000 and 25,000 Lithuanians died in the Soviet Gulag, after being sent to those concentration camps for political reasons.

2. Crimes against humanity/big>

  • 1.7 million Poles deported to Siberia during the 1939 and 1946 Soviet invasion of Poland.
  • More than 20,000 men, women and children deported to Estonia after the Soviet invasion of 1940.
  • 23,000 people deported in Lithuania in the first Soviet occupation of that country (1940-1941).
  • More than 59,000 people deported in Latvia after the Soviet invasion of that country in 1940.
  • 118,000 people deported in Lithuania between 1944 and 1953, and 186,000 Lithuanian citizens sent to prison for political reasons.
  • The deportation of 200,000 Crimean Tatars in Ukraine, who were sent to Central Asia, mainly Uzbekistan.
  • The deportation of 180,000 inhabitants of western Ukraine to Siberia between 1944 and 1946.
  • 46,000 people deported in Bessarabia and northern Bucovina (Romania), following the Soviet invasion and annexation of those regions.

3. War crimes

  • 150,000 Polish civilians and soldiers killed (by executions and deportations) in the Soviet occupation from 1939 to 1941, among them the 22,000 Polish officers killed by the Soviets in Katyn in 1940, by order of Stalin.
  • 9,015 Ukrainian political prisoners killed during World War II, according to Soviet statistics from the 78 existing prisons in Ukraine.
  • Between 1,300 and 1,800 Polish prisoners murdered in the Uroczysko Baran massacre of 1944-1945. They were members of the Polish resistance who were detained by the Soviets for the mere fact of being loyal to the Polish government in exile.
  • 270,000 Germans killed for Soviet war crimes, to which must be added 205,000 ethnic Germans killed in forced labor camps in the USSR between 1943 and 1950.

4. Crimes of agression

  • The Soviet invasion of Poland in September 1939, previously agreed upon by the Stalin regime with Nazi Germany in the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact.
  • The Soviet invasion of Finland in November 1939, also agreed upon by the Stalin regime with Nazi Germany. Because of this invasion, the USSR was expelled from the League of Nations, the predecessor of the UN.
  • The Soviet invasion of Estonia in 1940, also agreed with Nazi Germany.
  • The Soviet invasion of Latvia in 1940, also agreed with Nazi Germany.
  • The Soviet invasion of Lithuania in 1940, also agreed with Nazi Germany.
  • The Soviet invasion of Bessarabia and northern Bucovina (Romania) in 1940, also agreed with Nazi Germany.

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Bibliography:

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Photo: UK National Archives.

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